Tohimondō is a book that should be regarded as a scripture of the Shinrigaku movement that was established in the mid-Edo period. It explains the way of the townspeople. It is composed of four volumes and 16 sections in the form of questions and answers. The author is Ishida Baigan (1685 - 1744), a merchant and scholar from Higashikake-mura, Kuwata-gun, Tanba (Kameoka City, Kyoto Prefecture), published in 1739. Considering the social significance of each of the samurai, farmers, artisans, and merchants as occupations in line with the Confucian ethics of feudal society, the book explains the unity of economy and morality, finds value in the role of distribution for merchants, and emphasizes the legitimacy of the pursuit of profit. Volume I, as an introduction, explains the value of knowing the true nature of people and that things backed by experience through training and practice are more valuable than classroom lectures that seek to improve one's education. Furthermore, he states that there is a spirit of filial piety and that each warrior, farmer, and merchant has his own ethics and morals according to his or her class position. The second volume of the book explains that Buddhism and Shintoism are not mutually exclusive, but that the teachings of God, Buddha, Confucianism, and Lao Zhuang are all helpful for cultivation and should be adopted from their teachings. He also emphasizes the social significance of merchants and the equality of their profession. The third volume, "Seiri-Koan-dan," pursues the issue of the mind in the manner of Zhu Zi. The fourth volume contains six chapters, beginning with the "Scholar's Conduct and Conduct: A Question of Difficulty in Knowledge. The questions and answers are not conceptual in nature, but rather provide examples closely related to the daily lives of the townspeople, and the plain explanations of how to deal with such problems are very appealing.