Ninomiya Ou Yawa: Ninomiya Sontoku advocates the reconciliation of economics and morality, and explains that if one contributes to society rather than pursuing self-interest, it will eventually be returned to him or her. He often compares himself to water in a washbasin. The Houtoku doctrine is the wisdom for living a prosperous life that was developed from the Shinto, Buddhist, and Confucian teachings that Sontoku Ninomiya learned on his own, as well as from the practice of agriculture. He positioned Shinto, Buddhism, and Confucianism as different paths that ultimately lead to unity, and freely combined the concepts of Shinto, Buddhism, and Confucianism in his teachings. Therefore, even though the teaching of repose may be called the doctrine of repose, it does not imply a religion. The central concept of the reward doctrine is the Great Pole. Practicing in accordance with this Daigyoku is the foundation of the doctrine of retoku. Sontoku Ninomiya illustrated this Daigoku by drawing a circle in his Sansai Houtoku Kinmoku Roku (The Record of Three Sages' Houtoku). By dividing the circle, we can distinguish between heaven and earth, yin and yang, and so on. In other words, the Great Pole is a state in which all things are undifferentiated, a kind of chaos. Since the Great Pole is always there, no matter what man does, he is always with the Great Pole. However, because man is self, he must always be in some kind of relationship with the poles. From this distinction arises the distinction between "Tendō," which is a positive attitude toward the Great Pole, and "humane," which is a negative attitude toward the Great Pole. Sontoku called the attitude of living in accordance with the Way of Heaven "Doshin" and that of living in accordance with humanity "Jinshin. Doshin means to live in accordance with the truth of the heavens and to put aside selfishness. Humanity is a mind caught up in selfishness, which only desires but never creates. As long as the mind remains captivated by humanity, human beings will not be able to become rich. Only when one lives in accordance with the mind of the Way can one realize true abundance. What is important here is that the way of life in accordance with the doshin is taught in a pragmatic and practical way. Doshin is not something that should be chosen for moral reasons, such as because it is good. The doctrine of reward simply teaches the principle that if you follow the human mind, you will decline and decay, but if you follow the moral mind, you will prosper.